Black Flannel Academy

Kellerbier | Pretty Young Thing

amber-color · amber-lager-family · balanced · bottom-fermented · central-europe · pale-color · pale-lager-family · standard-strength · Traditional style

A younger lager that hasn't fully matured yet. Pale and amber versions exist, but the most common expression you'll find is a young Munich Helles.

Color

3 – 7 SRM

Bitterness

20 – 35 IBU

Alcohol

4.7 – 5.4% ABV

Sweetness

Moderately malty with a rounded, grainy-sweet profile.

Balance

Low to moderately-high spicy, floral, or herbal hop flavor with moderate hop bitterness.

History

Historical Development

Kellerbier simply means "beer from the cellar." Bottom-fermenting lager yeast was well known in Southern Germany by 1420. In 1553, a decree issued by Duke Albrecht V declared that all beer must be brewed between St. Michael's Day (September 29) and St. George's Day (April 23). This solidified an already-present need for storage space that was cool enough for the long resting period.

In 1609, the town of Forchheim needed extra storage for the beer and food they produced, and they dug the cellar at the top of a local hill that was covered in forests. Over the coming centuries, the town built several more kellers, and with them beer gardens above in the forest.

By the beginning of the nineteenth century people were going up to what they called the kellerwald, or forest of cellars, to drink the beer fresh. In 1840, a new festival during which all 23 of the remaining beer gardens open, and around half a million people walk up the hill to drink beer in a forest of cellars.

Geographic Origin

Kellerbier originated in Franconia and Bavaria, Germany, with the tradition of serving young lager directly from lagering cellars.

Modern Evolution

Kellerbier today is one of the more varied styles out there, since it indicates not a flavor profile, but a process. American craft breweries are taking up this style as well, creating new interpretations of the younger, characterful lager.

Classic characteristics

Appearance

Slight haze to moderately cloudy, but never extremely cloudy. Medium yellow to pale gold color. Creamy white head with good persistence.

Aroma

Moderately-low to moderately-high spicy, floral, or herbal hop aroma. Pleasantly grainy-sweet, clean malt aroma. Very low to moderate diacetyl and possible very low green apple or other yeast derived notes.

Flavor

Moderately malty with a rounded, grainy-sweet profile. Low to moderately-high spicy, floral, or herbal hop flavor with moderate hop bitterness. Finish is crisp and dry, but the aftertaste remains malty. Very low to moderate diacetyl balances with other characteristics.

Mouthfeel

  • ABV: 4.7-5.4%
  • Body: Medium
  • Carbonation: Low to medium
  • Finish: Off-dry, clean finish

Flavor Profile Deep Dive

Primary Flavors

Malty sweetness with bready, toasty notes and light herbal hop character. Young, fresh character with slight yeast-derived complexity.

Secondary Flavors

Subtle spice from hops and faint green apple or other yeast notes (when present). Grainy sweetness with clean malt profile.

Aftertaste

Crisp and dry with lingering malty character. Possible slight diacetyl slickness enhances overall balance.

Service notes

Serve in a Prague mug at 38°F. Best enjoyed fresh, preferably on tap from the cellar.

BJCP designation

Aroma: Reflects base style. Typically has additional yeast character, with byproducts not frequently found in well-lagered German beers (such as diacetyl, sulfur, and acetaldehyde).

Appearance: Reflects base style. Typically can be somewhat hazy or cloudy, and likely a little darker in appearance than the base style.

Flavor: Reflects base style. Typically has additional yeast character, with some byproducts not frequently found in well-lagered German beers (such as diacetyl, sulfur, and acetaldehyde), although not at objectionable levels.

Mouthfeel: Reflects base style. Has a bit more body and creamy texture due to yeast in suspension, and may have a slight slickness if diacetyl is present. May have a lower carbonation than the base style.

Comments: Young, unfiltered, unpasteurized versions of the traditional German beer styles, traditionally served on tap from the lagering vessel. The name literally means "cellar beer" – implying a beer served straight from the lagering cellar. Since this serving method can be applied to a wide range of beers, the style is somewhat hard to pin down. However, there are several common variants that can be described and used as templates for other versions. Sometimes described as Naturtrub or naturally cloudy. Also sometimes called Zwickelbier, after the name of the tap used to sample from a lagering tank.

History: Originally, Kellerbier referred to any Lager beer being matured in the caves or cellars under the brewery. In the 19th century, Kellerbier was a strong, aged beer meant to last the summer (Sommerbier), stored in rock cellars and served straight from them. But when refrigeration began to be used, the term shifted to describing special beers that were served young, directly from the cellar or lagering vessel. Today some breweries use the term purely for marketing purposes to make their beers appear special. While a kellerbier is sometimes considered more of a serving style than a beer style, the serving technique is still predominately used with certain styles in certain regions (such as Helles around the Munich area, or a Marzen in the Franconia region).

Entry Instructions: The entrant must specify whether the entry is a Pale Kellerbier (based on Helles) or an Amber Kellerbier (based on Marzen). The entrant may specify another type of Kellerbier based on other base styles such as Pils, Bock, Schwarzbier, but should supply a style description for judges.

Kellerbier: Pale Kellerbier – A very common seasonal summer beer brewed by many of the Munich area breweries and served in the beer gardens, where they are very popular.

Overall Impression: A young, fresh Helles, so while still a malty, fully-attenuated Pils malt showcase, the hop character (aroma, flavor and bitterness) is more pronounced, and the beer is cloudy, often with some level of diacetyl, and possibly has some green apple and/or other yeast-derived notes. As with the traditional Helles, the Keller version is still a beer intended to be drunk by the liter, so overall it should remain a light, refreshing, easy drinking golden lager.

Characteristic Ingredients: Pilsner malt, German hops, German lager yeast; same as a Munich Helles.

Style Comparison: Most commonly, a young, unfiltered and unpasteurized version of a Munich Helles, though it can be a young, unfiltered and unpasteurized version of other golden German lagers, such as a Pilsner or a seasonal golden lager made specifically for serving young.

Vital Statistics: OG: 1.045 – 1.051 IBUs: 20 – 35 FG: 1.008 – 1.012 SRM: 3 – 7 ABV: 4.7 – 5.4%

Commercial Examples: (local) Paulaner, Paulaner Brauhaus, Hofbrau, Tegernseer Tal. (bottled) Ayinger Kellerbier, Hacker-Pschorr Munchner Kellerbier Anno 1417, Hofbrau Munchner Sommer Naturtrub, Wolnzacher Hell Naturtrub

Kellerbier: Amber Kellerbier – The original style of Kellerbier from the Franconia area of Germany. A much older style compared to the relatively more recent pale Helles-Style Kellerbier that is popular in the Munich area today.

Brewers Association designation

  • Kellerbier or Zwickelbier
    • Color: Varies depending on the underlying European origin lager or ale style
    • Clarity: Can be slightly hazy to moderately cloudy. A small amount of yeast haze is acceptable and traditional. These beers must be unfiltered but may become clear with age. May exhibit poor head retention.
    • Perceived Malt Aroma & Flavor: Varies depending on the underlying style
    • Perceived Hop Aroma & Flavor: Varies depending on underlying style. Low level attributes typical of late or dry hopping may be present in some versions.
    • Perceived Bitterness: Varies depending on underlying style
    • Fermentation Characteristics: Low levels of sulfur and acetaldehyde or other volatiles normally scrubbed during fermentation, if present, can enhance the flavor of these beers. Low fruity esters may be present and may vary slightly from the underlying style due to age and the presence of yeast. Diacetyl is usually absent in these beers but may be present at low levels in keller versions of beer styles which can contain diacetyl when fully aged, such as Bohemian-Style Lager.
    • Body: Varies depending on underlying style
    • Additional notes: Kellerbier or Zwickelbiers are unfiltered versions of lager or ale styles of European origin. These can include traditional Helles, Dunkel, Dortmunder, Vienna, Bohemian, Kolsch, Alt, as well as less common traditional or contemporary European-origin lager and ale styles. Kellerbiers have carbonation ranging from low to normal. These unfiltered beers are packaged and served with very low to moderate amounts of yeast. Contemporary versions may be filtered and dosed with yeast during packaging.
  • Original Gravity (°Plato) Varies with style – Apparent Extract/Final Gravity (°Plato) Varies with style – Alcohol by Weight (Volume) Varies with style – Bitterness (IBU) Varies with style – Color SRM (EBC) Varies with style

Style comparison

Parent Categories

Variant Styles

  • Pale Kellerbier (based on Helles)
  • Amber Kellerbier (based on Märzen)

Similar Styles

Ingredients

Grain Bill

Pilsner malt, German hops, German lager yeast (similar base to Munich Helles).

Yeast

German lager yeast fermented cool, typically without extended lagering.

Water Profile

Soft to moderately sulfate water typical of German brewing regions.

Brewing process

Mash Profile

Single infusion mash for traditional approach, or decoction brewing for more complex character.

Fermentation

Decoction brewing is a hallmark of traditional German lagers. Brewers pull a portion of the mash and boil it, then add it back. The boiled portion is added back to the main mash, and the process is repeated twice. The finished wort is chilled and fermented cool with lager yeast. Kellerbiers are held for only days or not lagered at all, unlike traditional lagers.

Food pairings

At the pub: Pretzel with pub mustard

Also at the pub: Trout Schnitzel

Takeout: Street Tacos

Cheese

Fresh cheeses, mild aged cheddar

Meat & Seafood

Pretzel with pub mustard, trout schnitzel, street tacos, bratwurst

Desserts

Light pastries, pretzels and bread

Spirit pairings

Barrel Aged Agave Dream

The soundtrack

New: Jackson 5, ABC

Old: Mozart, Symphony No. 1

Keep exploring

Commercial Examples

Ayinger Kellerbier, Black Flannel Brewing Pretty Young Thing, Hacker-Pschorr Munchner Kellerbier, Hofbrau Munchner Sommer Naturtrub, Paulaner, Hofbrau, Tegernseer Tal, Wolnzacher Hell Naturtrüb

Beer Cocktail Recipe

"Louisville Boilermaker"

Ingredients:

12 oz Kellerbier

1.5 oz. of bourbon or rye whiskey

Lemon/Lime Soda: 7-up, Sprite, or Sparkling Ice Lemon Lime

Lemon (garnish)

Directions:

In a pint glass, pour beer at an angle to eliminate head. Add 1.5 oz. of bourbon or rye. Top with Lemon/Lime Soda. Garnish with lemon wedge.

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